Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman — новинки

The present study was carried out to know the number, diversity and the living strategies of snails in the Tehsil Faisalabad city. The snails were collected randomly from the cultivated i.e.; wheat, sugar cane, Barseem, Tomato fields, and from the Water Course. As these crops were different varied diversity and abundance of the snails were observed. A total 12989 specimens of the snails were collected from the five different habitats and were identified on the basis of morphometric characteristics into 15 species of 11 genera belonging to 8 families and the species are: Ariophanta bistrialis ceylanica, Ariophanta bistrialis ceylanica, Ariophanta bistrialis taprobanensis, Ariophanta bistrialis, Ariophanta solata, Ariophanta belangeri bombayana,Oxychilus draparnaudi, Monacha (Monacha) catiana, Cernuella (Cernuella) Virgata, Oxyloma elegans, Physa fontinalis, Zootecus insularis, Zootecus insularis, Pupoides spp., Cecilioides acicula. The snail abundance and diversity in the various habitats varied with the months and with the habitat.

The purpose of the present study was to monitor lead concentration in blood of the pregnant women of Faisalabad. One hundred women blood samples were taken and performed wet digestion. Lead level in blood was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results indicated that the mean concentration were higher in those were not taken proper calcium dairy products and supplements (Mean ± SE) 2.67±0.27 and 1.46±0.23 as compared to women those were taken proper dairy products and calcium supplements 0.72±0.08 and 0.73±0.09 respectively. Results were showed significant association with lead level and women of older age groups, those who were taken or not calcium rich food and supplement. About 56% women showed 1mg/dl lead level respectively. They were having mean lower level of lead from its threshold level 5 µg/dL as described by the CDC and WHO. It concluded that improving the educational status, dietary supplementation, nutritional standards and decrease in pollution could help improve the health problems of pregnant women in the rural as well as in urban areas.

Trichogramma chilonis is a very important natural enemy of many insect pests of cruciferous crops. For pre-imaginal development bioassay the eggs of Sitotroga cerealella parasitized by T.chilonis were exposed to different chemicals to check out the possible efects of those chemicals. Emamectin benzoate, spinosad, indoxacarb, chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid and acetamiprid are used to find out the death rate of Trichogramma. This was conducted to find out that which insecticides we must use to prevent the death of Trichgramma because it is used as Biological control and helps in environmental pollution reduction.

Our study demonstrated that heavy metals like Mercuric Chloride are very harmful for the fish health. Kidney plays a very important role in fish as they are the site for the removal of toxicity and excretion of wastes. The rising amount of Mercury in fresh water bodies coming from different sources like factories, tanneries and different industries is proving a big threat for aquatic life and ultimately effecting human health. Hematological studies showed that mercury has very toxic effect on the blood of the fish. In mercuric chloride treated fishes there was significant decrease in HGB count, GRAN count and LYM as compared to control.