Amazonian governments have promoted and supported the
exploitation of high-value minerals for decades, but in recent
years, have committed to mining as a key component of their
national development strategies. This has driven mining into
more remote parts of the Amazon with significant implications
for indigenous peoples and the forest. As mining expands deeper
into the Amazon, there is an urgent need to better understand
the law, practice, and outcomes of mining on indigenous lands in
the Amazon. This report analyzes the law regarding the rights of
indigenous people over their lands and the minerals on and below
them, the level of implementation of these rights and the links
between mining and forest cover change.