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Transparent conducting oxides (TCO's) have drawn great attention owing to their high electrical conductivity (10,000 S/cm) and high transparency (80-90%) in the visible region. This combination of properties makes them suitable for a number of applications such as solar cells, LCD display, OPV devices and even transparent electronics. The TCO nanostructures even showed better transparent contact than TCO thin film. High surface-to-volume ratio of nanostructures have demonstrated high sensitivity towards various target gases like NH3, CO, H2 and H2S and for NO2, which is one of the most dangerous air pollutants that causes acid rain and holes in ozone layer. To realize these applications, a basic understanding of the growth mechanism of nanostructures is a key requirement. Here, the main focus is given for tunable growth of indium oxide nanostructures and their applications. The indium metal filled indium oxide nanotube based nanorocket and indium mass transport in indium oxide nanotubes is demonstrated with the help of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.

Glancing angle deposition (GLAD) is a physical vapor deposition method in which by exploiting the atomic shadowing at very high vapor incidence angle, a direct and spontaneous growth of columnar thin films (CTF) of a wide range of materials can be attained. The easiness, low cost, and versatility are the main features which make GLAD a promising nanoscale fabrication technique. A controlled shape and in-plane distribution of nanocolumns make the CTFs to play a vital role in number of applications. Particularly, due to enhanced plasmonic activity and interesting optical properties silver CTFs have found applications in various fields such as, SERS substrates for biosensing, dichroic filters, and plasmonic metamaterials. The central objective of this book is to study the effect of deposition parameters on the growth of silver CTFs and understand the growth mechanism during GLAD. The role of vapor incidence angle, deposition rate, and reduced substrate temperature were investigated and has been discussed in detail. The Effect of morphology of silver CTFs on surface wetting and the physical properties like evaporation and freezing of a sessile water droplet have been investigated.

The most recent advancements in the areas of ceramic/composite processing and characterization are presented in this new volume. Selected topics include sol-gel processing, microwave sintering, reaction forming/bonding, polymer precursors, rapid prototyping, mechanical alloying, diamond and diamond-like structures, and functionally graded materials. Proceedings of the symposium held at the 103rd Annual Meeting of The American Ceramic Society, April 22-25, 2001, in Indiana; Ceramic Transactions, Volume 129.